Physics

Biography

Biography: K S Al Mugren

Abstract

We study elemental concentrations in some archaeological samples, linked to interest in essential element homeostasis and uptake of potentially harmful elements; the study of elemental concentrations in ancient skeletal remains can potentially be linked with modern studies, providing a reference to high exposure levels no longer common today. The samples, were obtained from historical area which discovered in east of Saudi Arabia at 1977 G, Called Al-RAKKAH and eight archaeological artefacts fired clay were recovered. Using a measurement arrangement consisting of a low-energy mini-X-ray generator and a Si-PIN detector, results are obtained from periosteal concentrations, the influence of the post-mortem environment being clearly differentiated from in vivo uptake. Also, by using an HPGe detector gamma-ray spectrometer, the activity concentrations of 226Ra 232Th and 40K were found in surface soil samples ranged from 17.4±1.2 Bq/kg to 28.3±2.3 Bq/kg with an average value of 23±1.6 Bq/kg, ranging from 1.1±1.8 Bq/kg to 81.0±1.7 Bq/kg with the average value 20±1.4 Bq/kg and from 218±11 Bq/kg to 255±18 Bq/kg, with the mean value of 233±12 Bq/kg respectively. The mean radium equivalent (Raeq) and outdoor radiation hazard index (Hex) for the area under study were determined as 69.52 Bq/kg and 0.16 respectively. The total absorbed dose rate due to three primordial radionuclides lies in the range of 17.74-72.24 nGy·h⁻¹ with a mean of 32.69 nGy·h−1, which yields total annual effective dose of 0.37 mSv·y⁻¹ Thermo Scientific Quant’X EDXRF spectrometer were used also to determine the concentrations of the elements Si, Al, Fe, Ti, Ca, Na, S, Pb, Sn, As and Zn. as major, trace and toxic elements. We hope that the data presented here will be useful to those dealing with Portland cement, phosphate fertilizer chemistry and related fields.